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Al-Faraj, T.N.; Alidi, A.S.; Bu-Bshait, K.A. |
| Title |
Evaluation of Bank Branches by Means of Data Envelopment Analysis |
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1993 |
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International Journal of Operations and Production Management |
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13 |
Issue |
9 |
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45-52 |
| Keywords |
Banking; Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA ); Effectiveness; Performance management; Resource management; Saudi Arabia |
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Details a data envelopment analysis (DEA) study of bank branches, where the bank branches are considered as the decision-making units (DMUs). The Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (CCR) ratio is used to evaluate the relative efficiency of each branch. The relative efficiency is computed utilizing specific input and output factors. The study has been applied to a set of branches of one of the largest commercial banks in Saudi Arabia in an attempt to evaluate the relative efficiency of these branches in order to improve the quality of services and utilize the available resources more efficiently. |
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Admin @ admin @ Al-FarajAlidiBu-Bshait1993 |
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477 |
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| Author |
Al-Naji, K.; Field, K. |
| Title |
Cybernetics and Performance measurement of UK universities |
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1993 |
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Systemist |
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15 |
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3 |
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115-122 |
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Admin @ admin @ Al-NajiField1993 |
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478 |
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| Author |
Ali, A.I. |
| Title |
Streamlined computation for data envelopment analysis |
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1993 |
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European Journal of Operational Research |
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64 |
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1 |
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61-67 |
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Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA ); Algorithms; Mathematical programming |
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This paper discusses issues related to an efficient computational methodology for performing data envelopment analysis focussing on three data envelopment analysis models: CCR, BCC, and ADDITIVE. It introduces constructs that facilitate efficiency of computation in solving a sequence of as many linear programs as there are decision making units. Computational testing with real-world data sets with up to 533 decision making units indicates that employing these constructs reduces computation time significantly. |
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Admin @ admin @ Ali1993 |
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479 |
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Ali, A.I.; Lerme, C.S.; Nakosteen, R.A. |
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Assessment of intergovernmental revenue transfers |
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1993 |
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Socio-Economic Planning Science |
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27 |
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2 |
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109-118 |
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This paper employs data envelopment analysis (DEA) to study intergovernmental transfers of revenue from central to local government, termed local aid in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The pattern of transfers is evaluated relative to DBA efficiency measures. The viability of employing DEA for assessing state and city government efforts to meet the unique needs of each community is illustrated using available data for 53 of the cities and towns of Massachusetts for the year 1988. |
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Admin @ admin @ AliLermeNakosteen1993 |
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480 |
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Ali, A.I.; Seiford, L.M. |
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Computational accuracy and infinitesimals in data envelopment analysis |
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1993 |
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Infor |
Abbreviated Journal |
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31 |
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4 |
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290-297 |
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Admin @ admin @ AliSeiford1993 |
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481 |
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Andersen, P.; Petersen, N.C. |
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A procedure for ranking efficient units in data envelopment |
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1993 |
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Management Science |
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39 |
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10 |
Pages |
1261-1264 |
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Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA ); linear programming; efficiency; sensitivity analysis |
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Data envelopment analysis (DEA) evaluates the relative efficiency of decision-making units (DMU) but does not allow for a ranking of the efficient units themselves. A modified version of DEA based upon comparison of efficient DMUs relative to a reference technology spanned by all other units is developed. DEA assigns an efficiency score less than one to inefficient units. A score less than one means that a linear combination of other units from the sample could produce the same vector of outputs using a smaller vector of inputs. The score reflects the radial distance from the estimated production frontier to the DMU under evaluation. Thus, DEA provides an efficiency rating of inefficient units. An analogous procedure is presented for ranking efficient DMUs. The procedure provides a framework for ranking efficient units and facilitates comparison with rankings based on parametric methods. |
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Admin @ admin @ AndersenPetersen1993 |
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482 |
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Balk, B.M. |
| Title |
Malmquist productivity indexes and Fisher ideal indexes – comment |
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1993 |
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Economic Journal |
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103 |
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418 |
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680-682 |
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Admin @ admin @ Balk1993 |
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483 |
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| Author |
Banker, R.D. |
| Title |
Maximum likelihood, consistency and data envelopment analysis: A statistical foundation |
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1993 |
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Management Science |
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39 |
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10 |
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1265-1273 |
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Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA ); production frontier; nonparametric estimation; maximum likelihood estimates; consistency; hypothesis tests |
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This paper provides a formal statistical basis for the efficiency evaluation techniques of data envelopment analysis (DEA). DEA estimators of the best practice monotone increasing and concave production function are shown to be also maximum likelihood estimators if the deviation of actual output from the efficient output is regarded as a stochastic variable with a monotone decreasing probability density function. While the best practice frontier estimator is biased below the theoretical frontier for a finite sample size, the bias approaches zero for large samples. The DEA estimators exhibit the desirable asymptotic property of consistency, and the asymptotic distribution of the DEA estimators of inefficiency deviations is identical to the true distribution of these deviations. This result is then employed to suggest possible statistical tests of hypotheses based on asymptotic distributions. |
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Admin @ admin @ Banker1993 |
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484 |
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Banker, R.D.; Gadh, V.M.; Gorr, W.L. |
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A monte carlo comparison of two production frontier estimation methods: Corrected ordinary least squares and data envelopment analysis |
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1993 |
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European Journal of Operational Research |
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67 |
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3 |
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332-343 |
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Efficiency estimation; Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA ); Multivariate statistics; Production; Measurement |
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This paper reports the results of an experiment with simulated data that compares the estimation accuracy of two simple and very different production frontier methods: corrected ordinary least squares and data envelopment analysis. The experimental design extends a previously published paper by introducing measurement errors, a factor we show to be critical for comparative analysis of the frontier methods. Both low and high measurement error distributions are used, resulting in 95% error intervals of roughly $\pm$ 10% and 40%, respectively, of outputs. Other variations include four inefficiency distributions covering a wide range of behavior; four sample sizes, from 25 to 200, and two piecewise Cobb-Douglas technologies with two inputs and one output each. Results include: 1) selection of the proper estimation method for a case can result in substantial gains in estimation accuracy for technical efficiencies, from 15 to 40% in mean absolute deviations; 2) COLS performs better for the classical distribution case with sample sizes of 50 or over; 3) DEA performs better for all nonclassical inefficiency distributions, even with relatively high measurement errors; 4) DEA provides surprisingly accurate estimates for the small sample size of 25, for all cases in the experiment; 5) COLS fails to decompose deviations into efficiency and measurement error components (it assumes that deviations from the frontier are either totally due to measurement errors or technical inefficiencies); and 6) neither method performs satisfactorally for high measurement errors. |
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Admin @ admin @ BankerGadhGorr1993 |
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485 |
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Banker, R.D.; Johnston, H.H. |
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An Empirical Study of Cost Drivers in the U.S. Airline Industry |
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1993 |
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Accounting Review |
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68 |
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3 |
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576-601 |
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Recent research on cost driver analysis by Miller and Vollman (1985) and Cooper and Kaplan (1987) suggests that transactions deriving from the diversity of a firm’s product line and the complexity of its production process, in addition to output volume, drive overhead costs. As a consequence, it is argued, conventional cost accounting systems based only on volume-related measures, such as units of output, direct labor hours, or machine hours, produce biased and materially misleading cost estimates for managerial decisions on price and product line (whether to continue or discontinue products, or to offer additional products). Systematic biases in cost estimates may also lead to distortions in flexible budgeting systems, variance analyses, and responsibility-accounting systems. Perhaps more important in the long run, omission of operations-based cost drivers may distort the investigation of the likely effects on costs of changes in operating strategies. Many firms have moved ahead on the basis of this perceived need for more accurate cost stimates and have designed and implemented activity-based costing systems (Schiff 1991). From an academic perspective, however, there is a need for further formal empirical research in this field. Cooper and Kaplan’s (1987) evidence is based on field-study discussions with managers in a variety of manufacturing settings and experimentation with cost allocation and product-costing systems based on transactions. Foster and Gupta (1990) provide some of the first empirical evidence on the correlation of manufacturing overhead with output volume and operations-based measures that reflect characteristics of the manufacturing process. Using data obtained from 37 plants of a single manufacturing firm, Foster and Gupta found that most of the volume-related measures of output were highly correlated with manufacturing overhead (MOH), but because only a few measures of manufacturing complexity and efficiency were highly correlated with MOH, their findings leave the impression that systems based on just volume may not significantly distort information generated for managerial decision making. In contrast, we find empirical evidence in favor of incorporating operations-based cost drivers along with measures of volume in cost driver models. We draw upon previous work in cost accounting and economics to develop analogs in the airline industry for product diversity, production run volumes, and process complexity, and propose a framework for cost driver analysis in the U.S. airline industry. Using a panel of quarterly data for 1981-1985 compiled primarily from traffic and financial statistics submitted by carriers to the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) and Department of Transportation (DOT), we specify and estimate a multivariate system of cost functions with multiple cost drivers for the industry during the transition following deregulation. We find both volume- and operations-based cost drivers to be statistically significant. We also demonstrate the potential managerial importance of the operations-based drivers by explaining variations in marginal costs across airlines in terms of operating strategies reflected in the cost driver values. Empirical cost driver analysis is managerially significant for the industry and period that we examine. The proportion of indirect costs is large, and identification of input consumption for specific services is difficult. During the transition following deregulation, carriers adopted a rich variety of strategies to improve productivity, reduce costs, and increase market share. These strategies directly involved both volume- and operations-based cost drivers. The analytical framework and model that we have developed on the basis of prior literature concerned with the airline industry enable us to examine the differential cost effects of some of the most important strategies adopted. |
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Admin @ admin @ BankerJohnston1993 |
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486 |
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